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Virtual synchronization generator (VSG) is widely utilized to provide virtual inertia for Microgrids. Unfortunately, the virtual inertia of converters is not arbitrarily determined, but this is seldom taken into account. Considering the minimum virtual inertial constraints that DC/AC converter could provide, a real-time adjustable adaptive control strategy of virtual inertial is presented using arctangent functions in this paper. The main work accomplished is as follows: firstly, the virtual damping coefficient in the active power frequency loop of the VSG control strategy is divided into damping part and primary frequency modulation (FM) part. Then, the minimum virtual inertial that DC/AC converter of VSG could provide and minimum DC bus capacitor are derived. Finally, considering the direction of frequency deviation and rate of change of frequency (RoCoF), the adaptive virtual inertia control strategy for the VSG is derived. The self-anti-disturbance and real-time adaptive controller utilizes the arctangent function to obtain smoother slopes. The presented control strategy is verified the validity by experimental result.

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Virtual Inertia Constraints and Parameter Adaptation for Grid-Forming Converters of Microgrids

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Xinbo Liu,
  • Ruiming Jin,
  • Shi Wang,
  • Xiaotong Song,
  • Yuntao Ju

摘要

Virtual synchronization generator (VSG) is widely utilized to provide virtual inertia for Microgrids. Unfortunately, the virtual inertia of converters is not arbitrarily determined, but this is seldom taken into account. Considering the minimum virtual inertial constraints that DC/AC converter could provide, a real-time adjustable adaptive control strategy of virtual inertial is presented using arctangent functions in this paper. The main work accomplished is as follows: firstly, the virtual damping coefficient in the active power frequency loop of the VSG control strategy is divided into damping part and primary frequency modulation (FM) part. Then, the minimum virtual inertial that DC/AC converter of VSG could provide and minimum DC bus capacitor are derived. Finally, considering the direction of frequency deviation and rate of change of frequency (RoCoF), the adaptive virtual inertia control strategy for the VSG is derived. The self-anti-disturbance and real-time adaptive controller utilizes the arctangent function to obtain smoother slopes. The presented control strategy is verified the validity by experimental result.