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A major challenge for engineers in the construction of underground caverns is associated with stability conditions and optimum use of rock support. The instability in an underground cavern may be induced due to rock mass weathering, prevailing groundwater conditions, state of in situ stress conditions, jointing, presence of weakness/fault zones, etc. One of the major instability conditions hence can be related to in situ stress conditions which may cause rock spalling or plastic deformation. This paper presents the rock spalling/deformation potential in the settling basin and powerhouse caverns of the Super Dordi Hydropower Project located in Lamjung, Nepal. The stress-induced instability has been assessed using different approaches. The rock burst/spalling predictions carried out using different approaches for both caverns of the Super Dordi Hydropower Project indicate that some of the approaches can be used to predict the rock spalling potential. However, these methods shall be used with caution to predict the instability condition of tunnel/caverns located in the lower boundaries of the Higher Himalaya.

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Stress-Induced Instabilities at the Hydropower Caverns in Lower Boundary of the Higher Himalayas

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Sailesh Adhikari,
  • Krishna Kanta Panthi,
  • Chhatra Bahadur Basnet,
  • Tek Bahadur Katuwal

摘要

A major challenge for engineers in the construction of underground caverns is associated with stability conditions and optimum use of rock support. The instability in an underground cavern may be induced due to rock mass weathering, prevailing groundwater conditions, state of in situ stress conditions, jointing, presence of weakness/fault zones, etc. One of the major instability conditions hence can be related to in situ stress conditions which may cause rock spalling or plastic deformation. This paper presents the rock spalling/deformation potential in the settling basin and powerhouse caverns of the Super Dordi Hydropower Project located in Lamjung, Nepal. The stress-induced instability has been assessed using different approaches. The rock burst/spalling predictions carried out using different approaches for both caverns of the Super Dordi Hydropower Project indicate that some of the approaches can be used to predict the rock spalling potential. However, these methods shall be used with caution to predict the instability condition of tunnel/caverns located in the lower boundaries of the Higher Himalaya.