This study focuses on the development of microcapsules containing colocynth oil, a natural antimicrobial agent. The microcapsules were fabricated using ethylcellulose as a polymer and sodium lauryl sulfate as a surfactant. The encapsulation efficiency reached 92.16%, indicating successful encapsulation of the oil. Morphological analysis revealed a spherical shape with a size distribution that influences the release kinetics of the active ingredient. The microcapsules were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, and thermal properties. The results suggest that the microcapsules are suitable for incorporation into textiles, offering a promising approach for the development of antimicrobial wound dressings and other medical applications.