This monograph has presented a comprehensive exploration into the surface modification of cobalt-chromium (Co–Cr) alloy using EDM techniques for orthopedic implant applications. The work has systematically addressed the need for improved bioactivity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility of Co–Cr implants by developing a novel approach for surface coating with biomaterials. The introductory chapters offered an in-depth overview of the material challenges in orthopedic implants and provided a rationale for choosing Co–Cr alloy, given its excellent mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and wear properties. However, the inherent bioinert nature of Co–Cr alloy often necessitates surface modifications to enhance its biological response when implanted in the human body. The literature review further highlighted the limitations of existing surface modification techniques and emphasized the potential of EDM as a hybrid process capable of both machining and surface functionalization.