This chapter grounds a conceptual understanding of the intersectional lens to allow for its development, and re-development, to accommodate the intersectional experience of First Nations women in Australia, an endeavour which is undertaken in Part II of this book. To contextualise the intersectional lens, this chapter begins by exploring the historical conditions both within and outside of various critical legal theories which led to the “naming” of intersectionality, including the respective roles Critical Race Theory, Feminist Legal Theory, and Critical Legal Studies. Following this, intersectionality is placed in the legal context and the “theoretical erasure” of subjugated populations is explored, before considering the development and utility of the lens in other disciplines. Based on the lessons from these projects, the chapter considers how the intersectional lens might be adopted in the Australian context, and, in that context, how the theoretical conceptions of violence explored in the previous chapter are implicated in intersectionality and incarceration. The final substantive section of this chapter considers the limitations of the intersectional lens, Ultimately, this chapter investigates how intersecting oppressions contribute to the incarceration of First Nations women as a justification for the application of an adapted intersection lens.