Hydroponic cultivation, a soilless plant-growing technique, has been emerged as a sustainable solution for the challenges of food insecurity, water scarcity, and urbanization. With precise control over nutrient delivery and environmental conditions, hydroponics improves crop yield, resource-use efficiency, and food quality. This chapter explores the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technology with hydroponics systems to create smart agriculture solutions that enable real-time monitoring, automation, and data-driven decision-making. It discusses key parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, and light intensity that influence plant growth and are monitored using IoT-enabled sensors. The design and role of microcontrollers, cloud-based platforms, and automation in hydroponic monitoring are elaborated, along with case studies of server-based systems and mobile applications like ThingSpeak and Blynk. Sensor technologies, their types, advantages, and limitations are systematically reviewed. Additionally, this chapter addresses modern advancement in hydroponics, including smart greenhouse integration, open field soilless systems (OFSS), energy-efficient practices, and innovations in nutrient management. This interdisciplinary overview positions smart hydroponics as a promising model for future urban food production and climate-resilient agriculture, especially in resource-constrained regions.