The management of legacy municipal solid waste (MSW) in India presents a critical challenge, with over 10,000 ha of urban land loaded by unregulated dumpsites that pose severe environmental and health risks. As of early 2025, the country has initiated substantial efforts in landfill mining (LFM) to reclaim land and mitigate pollution posed by dumpsites. After National Green Tribunal directive in 2019, LFM has been widely adopted as a nationwide environmental priority, emphasizing the excavation, segregation, and treatment of legacy waste. So far around 42% of dumpsite areas have been remediated, amounting to over 1100 lakh tons of waste. However, significant disparities exist among states, reflecting variations in policy execution, funding, and administrative capabilities. States like Gujarat and Maharashtra have led in reclamation. Key challenges remain unaddressed, including residual contamination, absence of structured environmental impact assessments (EIAs), and undefined post-mining land use policies, and inadequate data on types and quantities of resources/material recovered after mining and their reuse. The gaps undermine long-term sustainability. This chapter offers a data-driven overview of LFM progress in India, identifies critical issues which need to be addressed to achieve comprehensive and sustainable waste remediation.