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Epidemiologically, vitiligo affects approximately 0.5–2% of the global population, with no significant sex or ethnic predisposition, though certain environmental triggers may influence onset. Genetic studies have identified multiple susceptibility loci associated with immune regulation, melanocyte function, and oxidative stress pathways, suggesting a polygenic inheritance. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) highlight key genes such as TYR, NLRP1, and HLA as contributors to disease risk. Understanding the interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental factors is crucial for developing new targeted effective therapies. The aim of the present chapter is to explore the epidemiology and genetics of vitiligo.

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Genetics and Epidemiology of Vitiligo

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Alessia Paganelli,
  • Rohit Gupta,
  • Mauro Picardo

摘要

Epidemiologically, vitiligo affects approximately 0.5–2% of the global population, with no significant sex or ethnic predisposition, though certain environmental triggers may influence onset. Genetic studies have identified multiple susceptibility loci associated with immune regulation, melanocyte function, and oxidative stress pathways, suggesting a polygenic inheritance. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) highlight key genes such as TYR, NLRP1, and HLA as contributors to disease risk. Understanding the interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental factors is crucial for developing new targeted effective therapies. The aim of the present chapter is to explore the epidemiology and genetics of vitiligo.