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Basic concepts of the orbital order parameter for quantum materials were explained. In this chapter, we introduced the techniques to utilize EELS to characterize the orbital order parameters, where the influence of coordination environment and crystal field on orbitals, the correlation between backscattering of atomic orbitals and lattice order parameters, and measurement on orbitals for anisotropic materials were emphasized. Moreover, an introduction to novel electron microscopy characterization on 5d electron orbitals, based on quantitative CBED, was also given.

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Orbital Order Parameter

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Lin Gu,
  • Ziqiang Wang,
  • Xuefeng Zhang

摘要

Basic concepts of the orbital order parameter for quantum materials were explained. In this chapter, we introduced the techniques to utilize EELS to characterize the orbital order parameters, where the influence of coordination environment and crystal field on orbitals, the correlation between backscattering of atomic orbitals and lattice order parameters, and measurement on orbitals for anisotropic materials were emphasized. Moreover, an introduction to novel electron microscopy characterization on 5d electron orbitals, based on quantitative CBED, was also given.