Explainable AI and Trust in Healthcare: Bridging the Gap Between Technology and Clinical Practice

The proposed chapter explores the critical relationship between the explainability of AI and trust in clinical practice. It begins with an overview of explainability in AI, emphasizing its importance in clinical and ethical practice. This chapter introduces and adapts the ‘Integrative Model for Organizational Trust’ to analyze how the explainability of AI influences trust among healthcare professionals and patients. It discusses the dual challenges of over-trust and under-trust in explainable AI systems, highlighting the potential for both to negatively impact patient care and healthcare efficiency. The chapter concludes with practical recommendations for enhancing trust in AI, aimed at guiding policymakers, technologists, and healthcare professionals to ensure the responsible and beneficial use of AI in clinical practice.