This chapter delves into the core principles of China’s unique legislative path: scientific legislation, democratic legislation, and law-based legislation. It systematically traces the theoretical and practical development of these principles from the founding of the PRC to the present day. It highlights the intrinsic relationship between the three, positing that law-based legislation serves as the fundamental prerequisite, democratic legislation as the cornerstone for reflecting public will, and scientific legislation as the essential standard for evaluating legislative quality. It explores the historical evolution of these principles, and details how, particularly since the 18th CPC National Congress, the Chinese government has intensified its focus on these principles to institutionalize major reforms and improve governance. It concludes that the continuous refinement of these principles has been crucial for perfecting the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics.