The wildlife forensics is an important branch of forensic science which deals with one of the most challenging types of crime i.e., wildlife trafficking. It presents a significant challenge to the experts because, in contrast to human based crimes, the evidence in these cases is located in greatly altered and deteriorated forms. Also, such criminal activities take place either in transit or consumer level where usually tertiary or quaternary crime scenes are involved. This chapter talks about the significance of the very first step of wildlife crime scene investigation-identification of biological evidence and investigates how genetic technologies can be of great help in wildlife forensics for species identification and tracking geographic location as well as origin. Various genetic technologies for individualisation including mitochondrial DNA, microsatellites, single nucleotide polymorphisms and other DNA sequencing methods have been discussed in association with criminal prosecution. A few key case studies related with elephants, chimpanzees, marine animals and other keystone species, have been presented to help forensic experts to identify poaching hotspot areas and track the trafficking channels using databases. The chapter also discusses how morphological identification can be combined with technologies like Forensically Informative Nucleotide Sequencing (FINS) and DNA barcoding for identifying processed wildlife evidences. Finally, the authors conclude by highlighting the need for an interdisciplinary approach that integrates genetics, policy interventions, conservation planning, and socioeconomic engagement in order to strengthen wildlife protection policy.