This chapter describes the relevance of addressing the temporal scale of use of wild species in both promoting conservation and human well-being of traditional people and communities in the tropics. We explore calendars for gathering wild fruit species in two case studies in Brazil and India. The first case study presents the seasonality of 18 Cerrado fruits in the North of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The second case reports on the use of 130 wild species in India and a focused case study of 21 wild leafy edibles harvested for food in the Indian Himalayan Region. Both case studies show a high diversity of wild species being used by indigenous people and local communities (IPLC). The case studies show that the biodiversity of many regionally distinct cultural landscapes has been maintained through a mosaic of traditional management practices that have co-evolved in relation to local environmental fluctuations, and that such practices are carried forward by both biophysical as well as social features and are self-organized systems of rules. We claim and endorse that the temporal scale of use and the study of wild edible harvesting calendars needs to be mainstreamed for developing sustainability indicators for sustainable use of wild edibles to localize the UN SDGs.