The paper examines population migration as a process influenced by various socio-economic factors. The action of factors is evaluated from the point of view of philosophical science and the categories of factors, causes, and motives of migration are determined. There are “positive” factors that attract the population and “negative” factors that increase its outflow. In order to evaluate the factors, it is necessary to analyze how much they influence the desire to migrate, which can be investigated with the help of tools of economic and mathematical modeling. The possibility of constructing regression models of migration is shown and it is offered to establish interval values at definition of term and degree of action of factors. It is shown that the problem of research on migratory movements under the influence of migration factors cannot be solved without expert assessments, which can be used to identify factors influencing the desire to migrate and divide them into groups depending on the purpose of the study. The translation of qualitative factors into quantitative ones is proposed by the methods of fuzzy logic, which is a perspective of the research. This study primarily examines the factors of voluntary migration. The issues related to forced migration are recognized as important areas for future research.