Operational Research (O.R.) is a new discipline that emerged in the early 1930s. In 1955, the two Chinese characters “strategic planning” were extracted from the sentence “by way of indoor strategic planning, victory can be achieved thousands of miles away” to name the discipline, and were officially used to translate Operational Research (O.R.). There exist many definitions of operational research. For example, The Encyclopedia Britannica defines operational research as a science applied to managing organized systems. Operations research provides decision-making objectives and quantitative analysis tools for those in charge of such systems. According to The Encyclopedia of Chinese Enterprise Management, operational research applies analytical, experimental, and quantitative methods to coordinate and arrange limited resources such as human, financial, and material in economic management systems, providing decision-makers with evidence-based optimal solutions to achieve the most effective management.