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The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) relies on efficient and trustworthy data sharing to optimize path planning and accident warnings. However, challenges such as trust deficits and the complexity of dynamic topologies impact the security and real-time performance of data sharing. This paper presents a lightweight data sharing mechanism based on a Dynamic Behavior Graph (DBG) and blockchain, which accurately represents node interactions by constructing a Dynamic Behavior Graph. Additionally, we design a dynamic trust evaluation model based on the DBG to enhance the reliability of data sharing. Furthermore, we introduce a lightweight blockchain architecture that employs a Trust-Weighted Hybrid Byzantine Fault Tolerance (TWH-BFT) consensus algorithm to reduce computational and storage burdens. This architecture also incorporates smart contract-driven dynamic incentives and penalty mechanisms to enhance node collaboration motivation. This study presents an innovative solution for efficient and trustworthy data sharing within the IoV environment.

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DBG-LB: A Trustworthy and Efficient Framework for Data Sharing in the Internet of Vehicles

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Chaoyue Li,
  • Yongming Zhang,
  • Xiaolong Xu

摘要

The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) relies on efficient and trustworthy data sharing to optimize path planning and accident warnings. However, challenges such as trust deficits and the complexity of dynamic topologies impact the security and real-time performance of data sharing. This paper presents a lightweight data sharing mechanism based on a Dynamic Behavior Graph (DBG) and blockchain, which accurately represents node interactions by constructing a Dynamic Behavior Graph. Additionally, we design a dynamic trust evaluation model based on the DBG to enhance the reliability of data sharing. Furthermore, we introduce a lightweight blockchain architecture that employs a Trust-Weighted Hybrid Byzantine Fault Tolerance (TWH-BFT) consensus algorithm to reduce computational and storage burdens. This architecture also incorporates smart contract-driven dynamic incentives and penalty mechanisms to enhance node collaboration motivation. This study presents an innovative solution for efficient and trustworthy data sharing within the IoV environment.