This chapter introduces the landscape of provider payment methods (PPMs), offering a comprehensive overview of various types, key characteristics, as well as potential benefits and inherent risks associated with each method. It contextualizes these payment systems within the complexities of the healthcare market, examining how different PPMs impact healthcare delivery and outcomes. The chapter provides an in-depth analysis of prevalent provider payment methods, including fee-for-service, capitation, and case-based payments, among others. Special attention is given to the methods employed in India, along with global examples. Additionally, the chapter builds on the concept of strategic purchasing in chapter 4 by introducing the innovative concept of blended payments. Through this exploration, the chapter aims to equip readers with an understanding of how provider payment methods can influence healthcare quality, efficiency, and equity.