Cellulose, which forms the raw material of paper, is the most abundant biopolymer in the universe. It can be easily produced by all plants, plankton, algae, and many microorganisms. In addition, it is a strong biopolymer that is renewable, environmentally friendly, and very easily biodegradable. There is no polymer other than cellulose that can mimic its functional mechanical and chemical properties. However, many problems such as breaking and shortening of paper fibers and removal of ink from fibers are encountered during the recycling of cellulose-based papers. In order to find solutions to these problems, many nanomaterials are used to prevent these problems. Various nanomaterials are used in the paper and printing industry. Nanomaterials used in the paper industry are nanocellulose, nanofillers, nanocoatings, and nano inks, which are applied to the paper. During the recycling process of printed papers, nanomaterials help in efficiently removing ink pigments easily without damaging the fibers. At the same time, it aims to improve the physical, mechanical, and optical properties of recycled papers obtained from recycling. Many studies have been done in this field and successful results have been obtained. In this study, the recycling of printed papers and the effects of nanotechnologies that will enable better paper recycling in these processes were examined, and this issue was highlighted.