The design of axial-pattern flaps with the internal thoracic artery as the nutrient vessel can be traced back to the deltopectoral flap reported by Bakamjian as early as 1965. In the 1970s, this flap was widely used in the reconstruction of buccal, oral, and neck defects under the zygomatic arch, as well as defects in the esophagus and the pharynx in the neck. However, with the technological advances in microsurgery, this traditional method of reconstruction has been used less and less over time and even abandoned by most surgeons due to its wide base, limitations in the radius of rotation of the deltopectoral flap, occurrence of deformities in the chest walls resulting from skin grafting in the donor site, and the need for flap delay procedure before performing flap transfer.