The functioning of air-to-water generation machines is dependent on environmental conditions and hence, the parameters that evolve as a result of climate variations, geographical locality, economic support structures, and community participation affect the health and well-being of the community that these machines provide water. A whole lot of synergy that exists within this chain needs to be understood beforehand, right at the project initiation stage itself, if one were to plan and commission a sustainable water generation technology using water vapour from the atmosphere. This chapter will provide the environmental and socio-economic aspects of these machines applicable to the community and locality, in addition to giving an insight into technological challenges. It is important to understand these implications as more and more resources and manpower is allocated to these projects worldwide as a result of water scarcity. Sustainable Water Harvesting is a topic of interest that excites and invites historians, scientists, engineers, economists, and policy and governance specialists, from multiple disciplines due to the interconnections in scientific, cultural, economic, and technological aspects. This chapter will also address the present challenges and advise on the research gaps that could be potentially exploited for the benefit of the development of air-to-water generation machines for the benefit of sustaining life on this planet through innovative and sustainable water generation devices.