External natural hazards are important element in the design of Nuclear Power Plants. With the intensification of global climate change, extreme external natural hazards pose an increasing threat to the safety of NPPs (OECD Nuclear Energy Agency in The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident: OECD/NEA nuclear safety response and lessons learnt, 2013). This paper introduces the basic situation of external natural hazards and presents the design benchmarks of a Gen-III Pressurised Water Reactor (PWR) NPP as an example. Nuclear Power Plants typically have large cooling requirements. One of the most important effects of climate change on power plants is its impact on the availability and quality of cooling water. Droughts can affect river and lake levels, directly affecting cooling water. Heat waves can lead to higher water temperatures for cooling water, making power plants less thermally efficient and thus increasing the demand for cooling water. In particular, the frequent occurrence of extreme weather events in recent years and the increase in the intensity and frequency of typhoons have created new challenges for the design and operation of Nuclear Power Plants (National Nuclear Security Administration in HAD 102/05 External events in nuclear power plant design (excluding earthquakes) (Draft); European Utility Requirements for LWR Nuclear Power Plants in EUR Rev E 2016). At the same time, the possible hazards of flooding during extreme weather events need to be analysed, taking into account the possible construction of inland Nuclear Power Plants. This paper analyses the possible hazards of typhoons to Nuclear Power Plants, including the impact on the cooling system, damage to equipment and the risk of secondary hazards, and raises the question of whether there is a need to raise the design standards for Nuclear Power Plants to cope with extreme winds and typhoons. Meanwhile, considering the potential construction of inland Nuclear Power Plants, this paper also examines the possible hazards of flooding during extreme weather events, and by examining the design benchmark flood level for nuclear power plant sites, this paper proposes the extreme meteorological events that should be considered in the design of Nuclear Power Plants, and how the resilience and safety of Nuclear Power Plants can be improved through technological advances and safety standards. The research methodology includes an assessment of existing nuclear power plant design baselines, trend analysis of extreme weather events, and an assessment of the emergency response capability of Nuclear Power Plants. The results of the research show that with the increase in climate change and extreme weather events, there is a need to improve the design baselines and emergency response capabilities of Nuclear Power Plants. Ultimately, this paper aims to provide a scientific basis and policy recommendations for the safe operation and emergency preparedness of China's Nuclear Power Plants to ensure effective protection of the environment and public safety in the face of extreme natural hazards.