Serving as a lingua franca of international economic and trade cooperation, standards are increasingly prominent in underpinning industrial development and fostering technological innovation. Carrying out standardization work in the nuclear field is a vital avenue to promote nuclear industrial safety, innovation, and sustainable development, address global climate change, and achieve Net-zero Emissions. The research team embarked from a macro perspective, systematically investigated and commented on the content of standardization policy recommendations and strategic deployments in the United States and France. It focused on the leadership positions of the United States and France in international standardization development organizations in the nuclear field to conduct a comparative analysis study. Taking the International Organization for Standardization's Committee on Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Technology, and Radiation Protection (ISO/TC85) as an example, it adopted a differentiation strategy, contrasting and analyzing the similarities and differences in terms of the institutional mechanisms, system construction, effectiveness, and leadership position numbers of various countries’ participation in international standardization work. It raised the main issues of the current state of international standardization in the nuclear field, including the need to enhance frontier issue setting capabilities and the lack of leading strategic research, and discussed the causes of these problems. In line with the development trends of standardization and the direction of the nuclear industry, the research team proposed overall ideas and strategic recommendations for win-win cooperation in international standardization in the nuclear field.