For decades, the key focus of Poland’s relations with South Korea has primarily been on economic and trade relations partly because of the long-standing involvement of South Korean companies in Poland, which has resulted in South Korea becoming the largest non-European investor in Poland. As a consequence of the expansion of cultural exchanges and the growing popularity of K-pop among young people in Poland, Poles have become more interested in learning the Korean language and culture. The Russian aggression against Ukraine in 2022 has brought security and defence issues to the forefront of bilateral relations. This has resulted in Poland procuring South Korean military equipment and establishing the framework for defence industrial collaboration. The increasing security interdependence between Asia and Europe may further strengthen the significance of the Polish-South Korean strategic partnership (2013).