This chapter explores the ethno-political history and process of democratisation in Myanmar as a precursor to understand the transitional justice dilemma in the country. Central to these discussions are the contemporary issues surrounding race and identity in Myanmar. The chapter does not set out to show Myanmar as a country under a definite form of transitional justice. Rather, it sets the stage for exploring the prospects of transitional justice, in line with the country’s history and contemporary developments. The core of the analysis is on the complex Rohingya Question, analysed as part of the wider ethno-political context in Myanmar. The discussions on the process of democratisation in Myanmar, as shown, have direct repercussions concerning redress mechanisms for the Rohingya, within the context of transitional justice. The chapter paves way for a more comprehensive examination of the different transitional justice mechanisms at the international level.