This chapter explores the complex relationship between ritual propriety and legal systems in Chinese civilization, examining how ancient unity of ritual and punishment evolved into separate but interconnected systems. It analyzes the practice of judging cases by the Spring and Autumn Annals, demonstrating how Confucian principles were integrated into legal frameworks through the concept of “determining guilt based on intention.” The chapter examines the incorporation of rites into law through the five degrees of mourning attire, the Ten Abominations, and collective punishment systems. It investigates crimes among relatives, the principle of concealment among family members, and acts of revenge, showing how kinship relationships fundamentally shaped legal practice. The chapter concludes by examining the tension between public righteousness and private grace in judicial decisions.