The behavior and damage of T800 carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRP) subjected to low-velocity impact (LVI) and compression after impact (CAI) were investigated experimentally. Firstly, the influence of the resin system was illustrated with epoxy and bismaleimide resin. Then, the effect of stacking sequence, stacking ratio and laminates thickness was brought to light. It is found that the indentation depth, delamination area, residual compression strength and compression failure strain of T800 grade carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites were significantly influenced by the resin system, stacking sequence, stacking ratio and laminates thickness. Compared to thick laminates, the normalized indentation depth of thinner laminates is larger. The impact response and impact damage are significantly influenced by the matrix system. In the impact energy range of 26J to 86J, the one with epoxy matrix shows an apparent relationship between the damage, including delamination area and indentation depth, and the impact energy, while for the bismaleimide matrix one, the changing of delamination area is not significant. The stacking ratio shows apparent influence on the impact response, impact damage and the residual compression strength and compression failure strain compared to stacking sequence.