Thermal contact resistance exists between aircraft components which has great influence on the exquisite design of thermal structure. Aiming at solving the difficult problem of thermal contact resistance measurement under the simultaneous action of high temperature and high pressure, an experimental apparatus was designed based on static state method in this work, which can effectively measure the thermal contact resistance between high-temperature solid structures under the given interface pressure and hot surface temperature under 1500 °C. The apparatus was validated by experimental test for three kinds of thermal structure components. Thermal contact resistance for all the samples varied with hot side temperature and interface pressure were obtained. Temperature measurement uncertainty analysis was performed as well as the influencing factors on thermal conduct resistance were studied. The results showed that the experimental apparatus having high accuracy and wide measurement range of temperature and pressure. The apparatus would provide important technical support for the development and application of ultra-high temperature materials and thermal protection structures used in aircraft nose cone, wing leading edge and engine hot end.