To realize the lightweight design of the separation and release mechanism for extraterrestrial exploration, reduce the complexity of the mechanism, improve the reliability of connection and separation, and facilitate the separation and release of mass micro robots for extraterrestrial exploration. This design proposes a catapult-style separation release mechanism, which can make the robot land smoothly by adjusting the ejection force. The theoretical model of the separation process was established, and the error between the manual separation test results and the theoretical analysis was within 2.8%, verifying the correctness of the theoretical model. The conditions for safe landing of catapult-style separation were also provided. Finally, the feasibility of the design and analysis of the separation mechanism was verified through explosive separation tests and the practical application in the CE-6 project. This can serve as a reference for the separation of tiny robots in future extraterrestrial exploration.