With the development of space technology, spacecraft use is more frequent, leading to more space debris and threats. Identifying such events for situation awareness is crucial. This paper achieve the simulation of the observer's perception for distributed satellite constellations, utilizing the characteristics of spacecraft attitude and orbit dynamics, and refers to observation equipment by using Blender software. Moreover, the processing and extraction of relevant shape, position, and orbit feature data have been conducted for the observed data. On this basis, we have done some research and experiments including the design of star constellation and orbit determination checking the closed-loop of the system and its data reliability: by using Genetic algorithm, we found that the best inclination of Walker constellation is \(58.6422^\circ\) instead of \(54.7356^\circ\) calculating by theory Geometric theory due to Near-earth space, and we put forward a orbit determination method to orbital percept. In the end, we compared the digital model and its related data in this paper with real reference data, proving high accuracy and the data reliability and integrity of the perception simulation model and each module’s algorithm.