Riveting is the dominant connection method in helicopter assembly. To address the issues of low efficiency and poor quality control in traditional manual hammer riveting, this paper proposes a lightweight collaborative robot-based riveting system. By integrating visual and force sensors into the end-effector, we achieve precise digital control of the riveting process. Through the design of optimized workflows and human-robot interaction interfaces, flexible and efficient human-robot collaborative operations are realized. Experimental validation was conducted using aluminum alloy test plates to evaluate the riveting accuracy and performance of the proposed system. A laser tracker T-probe was employed to measure experimental data, and we perform detailed quantitative analysis to com-pare with the traditional manual riveting method. Proposed method enhances the consistency of riveting quality, with the standard deviation of riveting quality parameters reduced by over 30%. The results demonstrate that the proposed robotic riveting system meets the assembly requirements for helicopter riveting processes.