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This study presents the design and testing of a bionic winglet with a variable cant angle, inspired by the knuckle structure of human fingers. The proposed mechanism utilizes a multi-degree-of-freedom bionic joint to achieve smooth and continuous adjustments of the winglet’s cant angle within a range of −8° to 8°. The prototype was constructed using aluminum and titanium alloy hinges, employing 3D printing and precision assembly techniques. A micro servo motor with a harmonic reducer was utilized for the driving system, ensuring precise control over the winglet’s deformation. To validate the design, a multi-dimensional testing platform was developed. Laser displacement sensors were fixed at the wingtip to measure the trajectory of the sensor measurement points, enabling the calculation of changes in wing curvature with high precision. The testing results confirmed that the bionic winglet mechanism met the design requirements and stiffness specifications during ground tests. The development and validation of this bionic winglet with a variable cant angle offers potential improvements in aerodynamic performance and versatility for future aircraft designs.

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Design of a Morphing Winglet with Variable Cant Angle Based on Bionic Knuckle Structure

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Siyuan Xing,
  • Hong Xiao,
  • Jia Xu,
  • Hongwei Guo,
  • Jianwei Sun,
  • Guangyao Zhu

摘要

This study presents the design and testing of a bionic winglet with a variable cant angle, inspired by the knuckle structure of human fingers. The proposed mechanism utilizes a multi-degree-of-freedom bionic joint to achieve smooth and continuous adjustments of the winglet’s cant angle within a range of −8° to 8°. The prototype was constructed using aluminum and titanium alloy hinges, employing 3D printing and precision assembly techniques. A micro servo motor with a harmonic reducer was utilized for the driving system, ensuring precise control over the winglet’s deformation. To validate the design, a multi-dimensional testing platform was developed. Laser displacement sensors were fixed at the wingtip to measure the trajectory of the sensor measurement points, enabling the calculation of changes in wing curvature with high precision. The testing results confirmed that the bionic winglet mechanism met the design requirements and stiffness specifications during ground tests. The development and validation of this bionic winglet with a variable cant angle offers potential improvements in aerodynamic performance and versatility for future aircraft designs.