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Compared to conventional axisymmetric nozzles, S-shaped nozzles have a unique S-shaped bending configuration (Brunet et al. 2009) and round-to-square cross-section transition characteristics (Laughrey et al. 1979; Coates and Page 2012), which can significantly reduce the infrared radiation intensity of the engine exhaust system (Liu et al. 2013; Zhou 2017) and electromagnetic scattering intensity (Gao et al. 2015; Li et al. 2014). However, this large curvature anomalous bending structure will lead to complex three-dimensional flow characteristics such as uneven aerodynamic parameters (Wang et al. 2017), localized acceleration, and lateral flow inside the nozzle (Sun et al. 2016). While in the real turbofan engine operating environment, phenomena such as internal/external two-streams based on different drop pressure ratios and temperatures, tail cones, complex wave flap mixer structures (Liu et al. 2015), and nozzle inlet cyclone generated by the turbine stub plates exacerbate the inhomogeneity and complexity of the flow inside the nozzle (Crowe and Martin 2019), in comparison to the S-shaped of the homogeneous inlet condition of the nozzle, the internal flow field of the S-shaped nozzle in the real turbofan engine operating environment appears some new and special complex flow phenomena (Crowe and Martin 2015), which in turn changes the aerodynamic performance of the S-shaped nozzle (Sang et al. 2019), and brings new problems and challenges for the research of the profile design and flow characteristics of the high-performance S-shaped nozzle. Therefore, the research on the design method of S-shaped nozzle for turbofan engine and its flow characteristics in the real turbofan engine working environment, and the in-depth analysis of the real refined flow field characteristics of the nozzle under the influence of the complex intake structure and the influence law of the geometrical parameter can provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent research on the stealthy design of the S-shaped nozzle based on high aerodynamic performance.

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Design Method and Flow Characterization of S-Shaped Nozzle

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Jingwei Shi,
  • Li Zhou,
  • Xiaobo Zhang,
  • Zhanxue Wang

摘要

Compared to conventional axisymmetric nozzles, S-shaped nozzles have a unique S-shaped bending configuration (Brunet et al. 2009) and round-to-square cross-section transition characteristics (Laughrey et al. 1979; Coates and Page 2012), which can significantly reduce the infrared radiation intensity of the engine exhaust system (Liu et al. 2013; Zhou 2017) and electromagnetic scattering intensity (Gao et al. 2015; Li et al. 2014). However, this large curvature anomalous bending structure will lead to complex three-dimensional flow characteristics such as uneven aerodynamic parameters (Wang et al. 2017), localized acceleration, and lateral flow inside the nozzle (Sun et al. 2016). While in the real turbofan engine operating environment, phenomena such as internal/external two-streams based on different drop pressure ratios and temperatures, tail cones, complex wave flap mixer structures (Liu et al. 2015), and nozzle inlet cyclone generated by the turbine stub plates exacerbate the inhomogeneity and complexity of the flow inside the nozzle (Crowe and Martin 2019), in comparison to the S-shaped of the homogeneous inlet condition of the nozzle, the internal flow field of the S-shaped nozzle in the real turbofan engine operating environment appears some new and special complex flow phenomena (Crowe and Martin 2015), which in turn changes the aerodynamic performance of the S-shaped nozzle (Sang et al. 2019), and brings new problems and challenges for the research of the profile design and flow characteristics of the high-performance S-shaped nozzle. Therefore, the research on the design method of S-shaped nozzle for turbofan engine and its flow characteristics in the real turbofan engine working environment, and the in-depth analysis of the real refined flow field characteristics of the nozzle under the influence of the complex intake structure and the influence law of the geometrical parameter can provide a theoretical basis for the subsequent research on the stealthy design of the S-shaped nozzle based on high aerodynamic performance.