A Composite Model of Development: Limitations of SDGs, Challenges, and Way Forward
摘要
This chapter introduces a Composite Model of Development tailored for South Asias, addressing the limitations of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in confronting the region’s unique challenges. It critiques the SDGs’ inadequacies in tackling issues such as inadequate financing, weak institutional capacities, data deficiencies, and the disproportionate impacts of climate change, particularly in South Asia. Recognizing the interconnectedness of development dimensions, the chapter emphasizes the necessity of integrating economic, social, environmental, and cultural aspects into a cohesive framework. Central to this discourse is the Normative-Composite Model of Development, which posits that genuine development arises from the nexus between intellectual and moral enrichment. This model prioritizes social development, asserting it as the foundation upon which other forms—economic, political, cultural, human, and environmental—are constructed. The model delineates a hierarchy: cultural development precedes social development; political development is foundational to economic and environmental progress; and human development is essential for personality development. Environmental development emerges from the synergy between political and cultural advancements. The chapter further explores strategic pathways and future directions for implementing this composite model, aiming to overcome regional challenges and promote inclusive growth. Through this analysis, it offers insights into more effective and context-sensitive approaches to sustainable development in the South Asia.