This study based on the existing digital alarm system of nuclear power plants and integrating advanced theories and technologies from both domestic and international sources, developed an intelligent alarm assistance system to meet the practical needs of nuclear power plant control rooms. The system focuses on addressing the challenges posed by a large number of alarms triggered in a short period, offering functions for alarm information analysis and diagnosis while incorporating efficient alarm information streamlining techniques to significantly enhance alarm management efficiency. Additionally, the system emphasizes providing strategic response recommendations for operators by optimizing a structured human–machine interface, improving the clarity and usability of information display, and thereby supporting rapid cognition and efficient decision-making. To validate the system's feasibility, a human factors performance-based testing approach was designed, comparing the traditional alarm system with the intelligent alarm system in terms of alarm analysis accuracy and response time. The results convincingly demonstrated the effectiveness and advantages of the intelligent alarm assistance system.