This chapter provides a practical exploration of ethical dilemmas in artificial intelligence (AI) through real-world case studies. By examining specific examples, such as bias in hiring algorithms, AI surveillance, and autonomous vehicles, the chapter highlights how ethical principles are either upheld or violated in AI applications. It emphasizes the importance of understanding these cases to extract lessons learned and identify best practices for ethical AI development and deployment. The chapter also underscores the need for proactive governance and collaboration among stakeholders to address the ethical challenges posed by AI technologies. This chapter provides a practical understanding of ethical challenges in AI through case studies, offering valuable insights into how these challenges manifest in real-world applications and how they can be addressed.