Conformal array antennas are extensively used in communication and radar fields due to their ability to adapt to carrier contours and excellent aerodynamic properties. However, increasing the size of such arrays significantly raises the number of array elements, severely impacting system cost and complexity while creating an urgent need for sparse optimization. To date, research on conformal sparse arrays remains relatively limited and insufficiently explored, facing challenges including complex design, high costs, and computationally intensive algorithms. Therefore, this chapter focuses on conformal sparse arrays, proposing a coherent signal DOA estimation algorithm based on conformal circular arrays, a sparse optimization algorithm for conformal arrays, and an interference suppression beamforming algorithm for conformal sparse arrays.