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Poppy seeds (Papaver somniferum L.), also known as Khus Khus, are prized for their delicious flavor, high nutritional density, and versatility. Poppy is prized for their alkaloids (morphine and codeine). This plant was domesticated in Mediterranean, its cultivation dates back to 6500 BCE and has long been utilized for food, medicine, and hallucinogenic uses throughout Europe. Afghanistan is a major producer of opium, as well as European nations. Cultivation varies according to climate and farming practices, affecting alkaloid content. It is grown to produce alkaloids (morphine, codeine, and thebaine) used in pharmaceuticals. In India, it is predominantly cultivated in Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan states, and its cultivation is monitored by the Central Bureau of Narcotics (CBN) under Ministry of Finance, Government of India. Poppy seeds have high value potential for culinary, nutritional, and medicinal purposes. Poppy seeds contain protein (11.60%), fat (29.40%), carbohydrate (1.4%), and fiber (10.05%). They are high in vital fatty acids and antioxidants and can be used to make food, health supplements, and skincare products. Genetics, molecular breeding, CRISPR, and genomics advances have improved its characteristics. Sustainable farming, regulatory compliance, and market expansion can help India establish itself as major producer in global poppy seed sector.

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Poppy Seeds (Khus Khus) (Papaver somniferum): The Tiny Seed of Flavor and Nutrient Density

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Sivendra Joshi,
  • K. T. Venkatesha,
  • Anil Kumar Gupta,
  • Rajendra Chandra Padalia,
  • Rakesh Kumar Upadhyay,
  • Dipender Kumar,
  • Amit Chauhan,
  • Amit Kumar Tiwari,
  • Sonveer Singh

摘要

Poppy seeds (Papaver somniferum L.), also known as Khus Khus, are prized for their delicious flavor, high nutritional density, and versatility. Poppy is prized for their alkaloids (morphine and codeine). This plant was domesticated in Mediterranean, its cultivation dates back to 6500 BCE and has long been utilized for food, medicine, and hallucinogenic uses throughout Europe. Afghanistan is a major producer of opium, as well as European nations. Cultivation varies according to climate and farming practices, affecting alkaloid content. It is grown to produce alkaloids (morphine, codeine, and thebaine) used in pharmaceuticals. In India, it is predominantly cultivated in Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan states, and its cultivation is monitored by the Central Bureau of Narcotics (CBN) under Ministry of Finance, Government of India. Poppy seeds have high value potential for culinary, nutritional, and medicinal purposes. Poppy seeds contain protein (11.60%), fat (29.40%), carbohydrate (1.4%), and fiber (10.05%). They are high in vital fatty acids and antioxidants and can be used to make food, health supplements, and skincare products. Genetics, molecular breeding, CRISPR, and genomics advances have improved its characteristics. Sustainable farming, regulatory compliance, and market expansion can help India establish itself as major producer in global poppy seed sector.