Rapid innovations in high-throughput sequencing technologies are revolutionizing the field of plant genomics. Highly sophisticated sequencing techniques now allow end-to-end chromosome sequencing and provide an excellent platform for uncovering crop genomes. In the past two decades, reference genomes of hundreds of crop plants have been fully sequenced and annotated. Moreover, the generation of crop pangenomes has fast-tracked genomics-assisted breeding. It enabled the scientists to dive deep insight into crop genomes and capture the allelic variations for improving genetic diversity and their incorporation in crop breeding programs to develop climate-resilient crops. The application of genomic techniques such as QTL-seq, GWAS, genomic selection and SNP identification facilitates the detection of novel genes which can be used for improving agronomic traits and abiotic/biotic resistance. In addition, genomics strategies also speed up genome editing using advanced approaches like CRISPR/Cas9, prime editing, and prime editing. The combination of sequencing and gene editing is laying the base for next-generation breeding techniques. Collectively these genomic approaches offer a broad range of tools for cultivating future crops that are more resilient, productive, and sustainable. In this chapter, we will discuss the recent progress in sequencing technologies to develop reference genomes and pangenomes. We will also describe the recent applications of advanced breeding approaches like QTL-seq, GWAS and genomic selection for crop improvement.