Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative age-related illness with a complex etiology that includes overlapping environmental and genetic risk factors. There are no available treatments to change the condition, whereas only symptomatic treatments are available in current situations. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids play crucial roles in neuronal maintenance. Neuronal tissues in the brain have a very high lipid composition. The human brain holds about 60% lipids, with a 10–14% level in the grey matter and a proportionally lesser component in the white matter being DHA. Through other pathways, DHA also protects against a number of cognitive risk factors associated with AD. It suppresses a number of signal transduction pathways triggered by Aβ, including two major kinases that phosphorylate the microtubule-associated protein tau and encourage neurofibrillary tangle pathology. It also restricts the production and accumulation of the amyloid β peptide, a major cause of the disease. Arachidonic acid (AA), an omega-6 fatty acid, is vital for proper brain development and function. It supports neuronal growth, protection, and repair. Recent studies focus on the part of optimal omega-3 vs omega-6 ratio in the brain. According to current research, these essential fatty acids could be important in AD pathology neuroprotection. In this chapter, we explored the effect of omega-3 and omega-6 on the perspective of neuroprotection in AD.