The teaching reform and practice of curriculum ideological and political education in engineering courses at military universities is a critical measure for implementing the military education policy proposed by President Xi Jinping in the new era. The education philosophy of “politics + military + technology” of the National University of Defense Technology is the key to nurturing high-quality and specialized military talent. Taking the Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence as an example, the inherent advantages of engineering courses at military universities are discussed in this paper. A comprehensive approach to construct the curriculum ideological and political system is then proposed, encompassing excavating ideological and political elements, reorganizing the knowledge system, and exploring teaching methods. The goal of this approach is to address fundamental issues such as integrating what, where and how to integrate. Furthermore, preliminary teaching practices have achieved satisfactory results.