As environmental problems become increasingly serious, achieving sustainable environmental management becomes increasingly important. Traditional environmental planning methods have problems such as low computational efficiency and difficulty in global optimization when dealing with complex and changing environmental systems. This paper constructs a sustainable environmental dynamic planning system based on an intelligent optimization algorithm. First, the environmental data is collected and preprocessed, and then the intelligent optimization algorithm is used to solve the planning model, and dynamic planning is realized through system simulation. The experimental results show that the system performs well in multi-objective optimization. Taking the iterative process as an example, after 50 iterations, the system converges; the ecological security index increases from 0.62 to 0.81; and the economic index (GDP) increases by 18% simultaneously, which verifies the synergy of multi-objective optimization, effectively improves the efficiency and accuracy of environmental planning, and provides a new technical means for sustainable environmental management.