This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of filtration equipment used in water and wastewater treatment processes. Firstly, it introduces the basic concepts by defining filtration equipment, outlining its usage, and summarizing current development trends. Secondly, it presents the classification of filtration methods, supported by comparative tables of process characteristics and applications. Thirdly, the chapter discusses key factors that influence filtration efficiency. Fourthly, it examines the structure of filtration equipment, with specific attention to the general process flow and typical equipment found in rapid filtration tanks. Fifthly, the design of filtration equipment structures is detailed, covering important parameters such as backwash strength, drainage system design, sand washing, and water collection channels. Next, the chapter outlines safety use procedures, including both routine maintenance measures and emergency response protocols. Finally, it addresses common faults and troubleshooting strategies, with summarized tables for quick reference.