Environmental stresses are among the principal factors that limit plant growth and yield production. With demographic increases and the intensification of climate change, finding suitable technologies to enhance plant production under various environmental conditions has become urgent. Here, we aim to highlight the use of nanoparticles (NPs) as a powerful fertilization technology that can promote plant growth and stress tolerance. NPs may be inoculated in the plant rhizosphere or sprayed on plant leaves. NPs show an interesting plant growth-promoting ability by increasing plant biomass, enhancing water and nutrient uptake, supporting membrane stability, promoting photosynthesis efficiency, and limiting induced oxidative stress. This provides plants with robust tolerance enhancements against various stresses such as drought, salinity, heavy metals, and other stressors. Constructing fertilizers based on NPs could be an effective technology for enhancing plant stress tolerance and maintaining crop yields under various environmental conditions.