Nanomaterials (NMs) have gained attention and increased interest from many scientific disciplines due to their diversified fields of application and specific physicochemical properties. The remarkable advancement of nanotechnology has revolutionised various sectors, including agriculture, where nanomaterials are progressively being examined to enhance productivity, sustainability, and environmental health. NMs’ application in agriculture raises concerns for their unique properties and benefits related to increasing yields and plant stress resistance. One of the significant challenges facing agriculture today is the efficient and sustainable use of resources such as water, fertilisers and pesticides. Traditional methods often result in considerable waste and environmental pollution. Nanomaterials offer solutions through targeted delivery systems, controlled release mechanisms and improved efficacy of agrochemicals. This chapter intends to discuss the classification of nanomaterials, production procedures, problems related to toxicity, and regulatory restrictions on their use. The NMs classification, focusing on the organic and inorganic classes of NMs, is presented. Efficiency, scalability, and environmental impact have been summarised with respect to NMs’ chemical, physical, and biological processes synthesis. The toxicity of NMs has been considered thoroughly, underlining the health and environmental hazards possibly linked with these particles and hence suggesting a deep understanding of their interaction with a biological system. The chapter further describes the present regulatory frameworks and improvements made for uniform regulations concerning safety in NMs creation, manufacturing process, and application.