Hurricane Katrina: Disaster for Many, Opportunity for Others
摘要
This chapter examines the differential impact and recovery process of Hurricane Katrina on Vietnamese and Black Americans in New Orleans East, arguing that the disaster reinforced the dominant white supremacist ideology. The initial chaos heightened racialized fears, with Vietnamese evacuees expressing stereotypes and anxiety directed primarily toward Black Americans. The chapter then analyzes the Vietnamese community’s celebrated “quick return,” arguing that it was facilitated less by self-reliance and more by federal disaster aid (FEMA, Road Home) favoring homeowners, which shifted the perception of aid from stigmatized “welfare” to earned “right.” Crucially, the post-Katrina “cleaning” discourse led to the permanent closure of low-income housing, disproportionately displacing Black residents and effectively restructuring the neighborhood's racial map, a consequence tacitly supported by middle-class Vietnamese homeowners. Finally, the analysis of the landfill protest incident suggests that while a short-term, opportunistic ad hoc coalition formed between Vietnamese and Black leaders to challenge environmental racism, this did not fundamentally alter the underlying conformity of the broader Vietnamese community to the white racial hierarchy.