Renal trauma occurs in approximately 10% of abdominal trauma cases, with blunt mechanisms being far more common than penetrating injuries. Motor vehicle collisions, falls, and sports accidents are the leading causes, while penetrating trauma typically results from gunshot or stab wounds. Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) is the imaging modality of choice for evaluating renal trauma because it can rapidly and accurately assess both the kidney and associated abdominal injuries. Typical CT findings include subcapsular or perirenal hematomas, parenchymal contusions and lacerations, vascular injuries such as pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula, or active bleeding, and collecting system disruptions leading to urinary extravasation. The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) Organ Injury Scale (OIS) provides a standardized framework for grading renal injuries based on imaging, operative, and pathologic findings. The 2018 revision of the AAST scale incorporated vascular injuries and active bleeding as important diagnostic features. While most renal injuries can be managed conservatively with close imaging follow-up, interventional radiology and surgical management are indicated for uncontrolled hemorrhage or renovascular disruption. Understanding the CT spectrum of renal trauma and its classification is crucial for accurate diagnosis, grading, and appropriate management planning. This pictorial essay illustrates the various CT appearances of renal injuries, emphasizing the role of MDCT in diagnosis and clinical decision-making.