Special vehicles are often used in transportation under harsh road conditions, with particularly severe vibration and impact environments. As an effective means of vibration control, the air spring damping system has been widely applied in the cab of special vehicles. Therefore, this article focuses on the simulation analysis of the air spring damping system in the cab of special vehicles. Firstly, this article introduces the basic principles and characteristics of the air spring damping system. Then, a finite element model of the air spring damping system is established using finite element software, and the vibration isolation effect of the air spring under different stiffnesses is studied in detail through simulation analysis. The research results show that the air spring can achieve a vibration reduction rate of more than 45.5% under various stiffness settings, especially when the stiffness is 88.8 N/mm (small stiffness), the vibration reduction rate can be up to 90.6%.