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Iron is still a viable option for biodegradable metal stents because of its high mechanical strength, strong elastic modulus, and biocompatibility, even though it has not gotten as much attention as magnesium and zinc. However, because of its slow biodegradation due to its low corrosion rate, it cannot be used in therapeutic settings. Recent research has suggested several approaches to deal with this problem, such as using bioresorbable polymer coatings like polylactic acid to speed up corrosion, alloying with elements like manganese and palladium to increase degradation rates, and using manufacturing processes like high-pressure torsion (HPT) and equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) to refine grain structures and introduce structural defects. This article highlights both completed work and possible future directions in the development of biodegradable iron-based materials. It discusses iron metabolism and biocompatibility, clarifies corrosion mechanisms, critically evaluates degradation rates attained through various methodologies, and summarizes this achievement.

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Clinical Translation, Regulatory Considerations, and Future Perspectives: Challenges in Iron-Based Biodegradable Materials for Biomedical Applications

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Vipin Goyal,
  • Girish Verma

摘要

Iron is still a viable option for biodegradable metal stents because of its high mechanical strength, strong elastic modulus, and biocompatibility, even though it has not gotten as much attention as magnesium and zinc. However, because of its slow biodegradation due to its low corrosion rate, it cannot be used in therapeutic settings. Recent research has suggested several approaches to deal with this problem, such as using bioresorbable polymer coatings like polylactic acid to speed up corrosion, alloying with elements like manganese and palladium to increase degradation rates, and using manufacturing processes like high-pressure torsion (HPT) and equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) to refine grain structures and introduce structural defects. This article highlights both completed work and possible future directions in the development of biodegradable iron-based materials. It discusses iron metabolism and biocompatibility, clarifies corrosion mechanisms, critically evaluates degradation rates attained through various methodologies, and summarizes this achievement.