Influenced by early sinology, western scholars once believed that creation myths and philosophical cosmogony were absent in China. In recent years, however, scholars of Chinese mythology have been seeking to prove that China boasts various creation myths, and that the cosmogony resulting from these myths is demonstrated in different fashions: Youxiong at the beginning, Taiyi (太一, Supreme One) producing water, and Taiji (太极, Supreme Apex) generating two complementary forces, to name but a few. From the perspective of the interaction between the four types of evidence, this chapter attempts to analyze the relationship among different forms of cosmogony in China and to discuss the mythological role of Youxiong at the beginning, which has been overlooked and forgotten. It also attempts to examine the evolution of the mythological roots of Confucianism, and the elements that would constitute the foundation of Chinese ideological history.