Drawing on NIE and Ostrom’s IAD framework, the chapter evaluates three governance models (government-dominated, market-invested, and self-organized) through empirical case studies in Chengdu Municipality. The analysis reveals government-dominated projects demonstrate superior fiscal capacity but often create spatial mismatches between resettlement areas and farmland. Market-driven implementations prioritize efficiency over equitable benefit distribution, while self-organized models show stronger villager participation but face capacity constraints. On the preservation of cultivated land, this chapter finds that while all models successfully maintain cultivated land quantity through strict quota systems, significant quality degradation occurs due to misaligned stakeholder incentives. Moreover, the study identifies four key factors influencing long-term land preservation: distance to farmland, income structures, operational methods, and agricultural systems. These findings highlight the need for hybrid governance approaches that combine administrative oversight with community participation.